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Frequently Asked Questions About the Minnesota Legislature

How do I read the statutes? What do the italicized numbers at the end of a section mean?

Divisions of both Session Laws and Minnesota Statutes may be called chapters, but a reference to Minnesota Statutes will usually be to a section number. For example, chapter 3 of the statutes will be divided into sections, such as 3.011. The proper citation for this would be "Minnesota Statutes, section 3.011" or better yet, with the date included: "Minnesota Statutes 1990, section 3.011."

The italicized numbers at the end of a section represent the history of that particular section. For example, [1973 c 1 s 1; 1988 c 469 art 1 s 1; 2023 c 62 art 2 s 7] means that the section was new in 1973 and was contained in the Laws of Minnesota 1973, chapter 1, section 1. It was amended in Laws 1988, chapter 469, article 1, section 1, and amended again in Laws 2023, chapter 62, article 2, section 7. If you look up those chapters of those particular Session Laws, you will find what changes were made.

Please see the FAQ How do I cite Minnesota's legal sources? or contact the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library with additional questions.